Overview:
The Port of London is located on the north and south banks of the lower reaches of the Thames along the southeast coast of the United Kingdom, starting from the mouth of the river Stretching upstream through the TILBURY port area and crossing the London Bridge to the TEDDINGTON wharf, it is 80n mile long. There are many docks, oil docks, riverside docks and ship repair docks for loading and unloading goods along the banks of the river.
The port has a temperate maritime climate, dominated by southwest winds, rainy and cloudy, and foggy in autumn and winter, so it is called the "Fog City". The annual average temperature is about -1 degrees Celsius in January, and the highest is about 22 degrees Celsius in July. The annual average rainfall is about 800mm. Average tidal range: 5.2m for spring tide and 3.4m for neap tide.
The entire port area includes India and Millwall, Tilbury, and Royal Port, with a water area of 2.07 million square meters, and a large number of closed port pools are a major feature of this port. The main berths are as follows:
Terminal type berths (units) Shoreline length (m) Maximum water depth (m)Modern loading and unloading equipment includes various shore cranes, portable cranes, container cranes, jetty cranes, gantry cranes, straddle carriers, forklifts, trucks and ro-ro facilities, as well as floating cranes with a lifting capacity of 200 tons. Oil pipelines with a diameter of 152.4~406.4mm are used for loading and unloading. The terminal is equipped with a radar computer management and detection system, which is currently the most modern automated management system in the world.
The CORYTON wharf on the north bank of the estuary is more than 300 meters wide. It is a reliable large oil tanker with 200,000 dwt. It shrinks to more than 100 meters up to the Tower Bridge, and ships with 5,000 dwt can freely go directly to the London-style center. The berths on both sides of the strait can berth more than 150 ships at the same time. The modern granary has a capacity of about 110,000 tons and an oil depot with a capacity of 158 cubic meters. In India and the Millwall port area, there is the largest wine loading and unloading terminal in the UK, with a huge modern wine warehouse, its bulk wine shed, which can accommodate 3000 tons of glass fiber wine tanks, and has ultraviolet disinfection equipment. Loading and unloading efficiency: 2,000 tons of grain per hour, 2,000 tons of diesel per hour, 1,000 tons of gasoline per hour, 1,800 tons of building materials per hour, 5,500 tons of crude oil per hour, and 1,200-14,000 tons of oil tankers with 200,000 dwt per hour. At the end of the 1980s, the port authority changed Tilbury into an independent port. It is one of the UK's main container terminals and one of Europe's modern container terminals. In 1993, the container throughput reached 327,000 TEU. The Grain Terminal is the first terminal in the UK to install a radio data transmission system for straddle carriers. It is unloaded by pneumatic loaders and sent to the warehouse via a closed fast conveyor. Each loader is equipped with an automatic scale. The Hong Kong corporate district directly uses the pier along the Thames River, exempts land development tax, allows 100% foreign investment, and reduces various reporting procedures to the government to a minimum. The Port of London has contacts with ports in more than 100 countries and regions in the world. Historically, the annual cargo throughput reached 80 million tons. After a decline, it hovered around 50 million tons. In 1992, the cargo throughput reached 55 million tons. The main imported goods are petroleum, coal, steel, timber, ore and grains, and the main export goods are cement, machinery, vehicles, petroleum products, chemical products and daily groceries. The Port of London Authority announced that since January 1993, the Thames River management fee has risen by 2%, but the pilotage fee remains inconvenient. The port also has special regulations:
(1) Without the consent of the port health authorities and customs, live animals are forbidden to go ashore.
(2) There are restrictions on ships containing crude oil, chemicals, explosives and other dangerous goods.
All ships carrying these cargoes should report to the port authorities and find out whether they are allowed to sail.
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The Port of London (Port Code:GBLON) is that part of the River Thames in England lying between Teddington Lock and the defined boundary with the North Sea and including any associated docks. Once the largest port in the world, it was the United Kingdom's largest port as of 2020. Usage is largely governed by the Port of London Authority ("PLA"), a public trust established in 1908; while mainly responsible for coordination and enforcement of activities it also has some minor operations of its own.
The Port of London today comprises over 70 independently owned terminals and port facilities, directly employing over 30,000 people. The port can handle cruise liners, roll-on roll-off ferries and cargo of all types at the larger facilities in its eastern extent. As with many similar historic European ports, such as Antwerp and Rotterdam, many activities have steadily moved downstream towards the open sea as ships have grown larger and the land upriver taken over for other uses.
